Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory meloxicam on stomach, kidney, and liver of rats

Toxicol Ind Health. 2016 Jun;32(6):980-6. doi: 10.1177/0748233714538484. Epub 2014 Jun 23.

Abstract

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAI) drugs are the most commonly used group of drugs today. Increase in the use of standard NSAI for treating pain and inflammation was restricted by the fact that these drugs were proven to possibly cause gastrointestinal and renal toxicity. Meloxicam is a NSAI that has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects. This study aims to investigate the effects of meloxicam on stomach, kidney, and liver of rats under light microscopy level. Based on the light microscopic observations, mononuclear cell infiltration and pseudolobular formation was established in liver samples of animals in the experimental group. Metaplasia in surface and glandular epithelia and atrophy were observed in stomach samples. Glomerular stasis-related hypertrophy and focal interstitial nephritis were found in kidneys. It was concluded in this study that meloxicam might cause hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and gastric metaplasia in rats at a used dose and duration.

Keywords: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAI) drugs; kidney; liver; meloxicam; rats; stomach.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / pharmacology*
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / diagnosis
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / genetics
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / metabolism
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Inflammation / drug therapy
  • Kidney / drug effects*
  • Kidney / pathology
  • Kidney Diseases / chemically induced
  • Kidney Diseases / diagnosis
  • Liver / drug effects*
  • Liver / pathology
  • Meloxicam
  • Metaplasia / chemically induced
  • Pain / drug therapy
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Stomach / drug effects*
  • Stomach / pathology
  • Stomach Diseases / chemically induced
  • Stomach Diseases / diagnosis
  • Thiazines / pharmacology*
  • Thiazoles / pharmacology*
  • Toxicity Tests

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Thiazines
  • Thiazoles
  • Cyclooxygenase 2
  • Ptgs2 protein, rat
  • Meloxicam