Height of South Asian children in the Netherlands aged 0-20 years: secular trends and comparisons with current Asian Indian, Dutch and WHO references

Ann Hum Biol. 2015 Jan;42(1):38-44. doi: 10.3109/03014460.2014.926988. Epub 2014 Jun 25.

Abstract

Background: People from Asian populations are generally shorter than other ethnic groups. It is unknown if current universal height references are suitable for affluent South Asian children in the Netherlands.

Aims: To develop height-for-age charts for contemporary South Asian children aged 0-20 years living in the Netherlands, to evaluate secular trends, and to compare the charts with current Asian Indian, Dutch and WHO references.

Subjects and methods: A population-based study measured 3315 South Asian children aged 0-20 years between 2007-2010. Among this cohort, 6876 measurements were taken. Another 7388 measurements were taken of a historical cohort of 1078 children born between 1974-1976 (aged 0-18 years).

Results: An upward trend in height was observed for South Asian children living in the Netherlands between 1992-2010. The height-for-age charts of the South Asian historical cohort were similar to current Asian Indian charts. South Asian children in the Netherlands were shorter than their Dutch contemporaries at every age; and these differences increased further during adolescence. Compared to the WHO height-for-age references, there were considerable discrepancies in height, with curves intersecting twice.

Conclusion: The discrepancies between the South Asian and Dutch and WHO height-for-age references indicate differences in growth patterns between the source populations.

Keywords: Adolescent; child; growth and development; reference values.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Asian People
  • Body Height*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Environment
  • Female
  • Growth Charts*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Netherlands
  • Reference Standards
  • Reference Values
  • Sex Factors
  • World Health Organization
  • Young Adult