Low-dose acitretin in treatment of plaque-type psoriasis: descriptive study of efficacy and safety

Acta Derm Venereol. 2015 Mar;95(3):332-6. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1921.

Abstract

The efficacy and safety of acitretin was evaluated retrospectively in a cohort of 46 patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) range 10-42). Patients were treated at an initial dose of 10 mg/day acitretin, which was then gradually increased until the best therapeutic effect with the fewest adverse effects was reached (< 50 mg/day) and later decreased and maintained at the lowest effective dosage. Efficacy measures were: (i) PASI75 (75% improvement) and PASI50 between 10 and 16 weeks; and (ii) PASI75 even after 16 weeks of treatment. At weeks 10-16, PASI75 and PASI50 were achieved by 47.8% and 87% of the patients, respectively. Overall, 67.3% reached PASI75. Adverse events occurred in 18 patients (39.1%); among these, 4 (8.7%) discontinued acitretin. Our findings suggest that acitretin at an initial low, gradually escalating dose, and subsequently maintained at the minimal effective dose, is a suitable treatment option for plaque psoriasis as it provides clear-cut improvement in most treated patients while minimizing the risks of side-effects.

MeSH terms

  • Acitretin / administration & dosage*
  • Acitretin / adverse effects
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Keratolytic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Keratolytic Agents / adverse effects
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Psoriasis / diagnosis
  • Psoriasis / drug therapy*
  • Remission Induction
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Keratolytic Agents
  • Acitretin