The vaginal microbiota of pregnant women who subsequently have spontaneous preterm labor and delivery and those with a normal delivery at term

doi:10.1186/2049-2618-2-18

. 2014 May 27:2:18.

doi: 10.1186/2049-2618-2-18. eCollection 2014.

The vaginal microbiota of pregnant women who subsequently have spontaneous preterm labor and delivery and those with a normal delivery at term

Affiliations

¹ Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA ; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, Room B601, 909 Fee Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
² Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E Canfield St, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
³ Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 801 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W Baltimore St #480, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
⁴ Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁵ Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 801 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
⁶ Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA ; Hutzel Women's Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, 3990 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
⁷ Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E Canfield St, Detroit, MI 48201, USA ; Hutzel Women's Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, 3990 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.

PMID: 24987521
PMCID: PMC4066267
DOI: 10.1186/2049-2618-2-18

Free PMC article

The vaginal microbiota of pregnant women who subsequently have spontaneous preterm labor and delivery and those with a normal delivery at term

Roberto Romero et al. Microbiome. 2014.

Free PMC article

. 2014 May 27:2:18.

doi: 10.1186/2049-2618-2-18. eCollection 2014.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA ; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, Room B601, 909 Fee Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
² Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E Canfield St, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
³ Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 801 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W Baltimore St #480, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
⁴ Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁵ Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 801 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
⁶ Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA ; Hutzel Women's Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, 3990 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
⁷ Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E Canfield St, Detroit, MI 48201, USA ; Hutzel Women's Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, 3990 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.

PMID: 24987521
PMCID: PMC4066267
DOI: 10.1186/2049-2618-2-18

Abstract

Background: This study was undertaken to determine whether the vaginal microbiota of pregnant women who subsequently had a spontaneous preterm delivery is different from that of women who had a term delivery.

Results: This was a nested case-control study of pregnant women who had a term delivery (controls) and those who had a spontaneous preterm delivery before 34 weeks of gestation (cases). Samples of vaginal fluid were collected longitudinally and stored at -70°C until assayed. A microbial survey using pyrosequencing of V1-V3 regions of 16S rRNA genes was performed. We tested the hypothesis of whether the relative abundance of individual microbial species (phylotypes) was different between women who had a term versus preterm delivery. A suite of bioinformatic and statistical tools, including linear mixed effects models and generalized estimating equations, was used. We show that: 1) the composition of the vaginal microbiota during normal pregnancy changed as a function of gestational age, with an increase in the relative abundance of four Lactobacillus spp., and decreased in anaerobe or strict-anaerobe microbial species as pregnancy progressed; 2) no bacterial taxa differed in relative abundance between women who had a spontaneous preterm delivery and those who delivered at term; and 3) no differences in the frequency of the vaginal community state types (CST I, III, IV-B) between women who delivered at term and those who delivered preterm were detected.

Conclusions: The bacterial taxa composition and abundance of vaginal microbial communities, characterized with 16S rRNA gene sequence-based techniques, were not different in pregnant women who subsequently delivered a preterm neonate versus those who delivered at term.

Keywords: Histologic chorioamnionitis; Infection-induced preterm delivery; Prematurity; Vaginal flora; Vaginal microbiome.

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Figures

**Figure 1**
**Heatmap of microbial taxa relative abundance identified in the vaginal microbiota of women who delivered at term and women who delivered preterm.** Ward linkage clustering of samples based on the composition and relative abundance of the 25 most abundant species in the vaginal microbiota that define community state types is shown above the heatmap.

**Figure 2**
**Profiles of community state types for women who delivered at term and women who delivered preterm as a function of the gestational age.** Each sample in the longitudinal series was assigned to community state types as defined in Figure 1 and is indicated by a rectangle colored according to the legend shown above. Time of delivery is depicted by a light blue circle.

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References

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[1] World Health Organization. Born Too Soon: The Global Action Report in Preterm Birth. Geneva; 2012.

[2] World Health Organization. Born Too Soon: The Global Action Report in Preterm Birth. Geneva; 2012.

[3] Beck S, Wojdyla D, Say L, Betran AP, Merialdi M, Requejo JH, Rubens C, Menon R, Van Look PF. The worldwide incidence of preterm birth: a systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity. Bull World Health Organ. 2010;88:31–38. doi: 10.2471/BLT.08.062554. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Beck S, Wojdyla D, Say L, Betran AP, Merialdi M, Requejo JH, Rubens C, Menon R, Van Look PF. The worldwide incidence of preterm birth: a systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity. Bull World Health Organ. 2010;88:31–38. doi: 10.2471/BLT.08.062554. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Premature Birth. [ http://www.marchofdimes.com/peristats/Peristats.aspx]

[6] Premature Birth. [ http://www.marchofdimes.com/peristats/Peristats.aspx]

[7] Hamilton BE, Martin JA, Ventura SJ. Births: preliminary data for 2012. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2012;62:1–20. - PubMed

[8] Hamilton BE, Martin JA, Ventura SJ. Births: preliminary data for 2012. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2012;62:1–20. - PubMed

[9] Goldenberg RL, McClure EM. In: Preterm Birth: Prevention and Management. Berguella V, editor. Oxford: Willey-Blackwell; 2010. The epidemiology of preterm birth; pp. 22–38.

[10] Goldenberg RL, McClure EM. In: Preterm Birth: Prevention and Management. Berguella V, editor. Oxford: Willey-Blackwell; 2010. The epidemiology of preterm birth; pp. 22–38.

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The vaginal microbiota of pregnant women who subsequently have spontaneous preterm labor and delivery and those with a normal delivery at term

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The vaginal microbiota of pregnant women who subsequently have spontaneous preterm labor and delivery and those with a normal delivery at term

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