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. 2014 Jul 9;15(7):12231-42.
doi: 10.3390/ijms150712231.

Alternating current electrophoretic deposition of antibacterial bioactive glass-chitosan composite coatings

Sigrid Seuss  1 , Maja Lehmann  2 , Aldo R Boccaccini  3
Affiliations
Free PMC article

Alternating current electrophoretic deposition of antibacterial bioactive glass-chitosan composite coatings

Sigrid Seuss et al. Int J Mol Sci. .
Free PMC article

Abstract

Alternating current (AC) electrophoretic deposition (EPD) was used to produce multifunctional composite coatings combining bioactive glass (BG) particles and chitosan. BG particles of two different sizes were used, i.e., 2 μm and 20-80 nm in average diameter. The parameter optimization and characterization of the coatings was conducted by visual inspection and by adhesion strength tests. The optimized coatings were investigated in terms of their hydroxyapatite (HA) forming ability in simulated body fluid (SBF) for up to 21 days. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy results showed the successful HA formation on the coatings after 21 days. The first investigations were conducted on planar stainless steel sheets. In addition, scaffolds made from a TiAl4V6 alloy were considered to show the feasibility of coating of three dimensional structures by EPD. Because both BG and chitosan are antibacterial materials, the antibacterial properties of the as-produced coatings were investigated using E. coli bacteria cells. It was shown that the BG particle size has a strong influence on the antibacterial properties of the coatings.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) Surface and (b) cross sectional views of chitosan-bioactive glass (BG) composites (containing BG micro particles); and (c) surface and (d) cross sectional views of chitosan-BG composites (containing nanoscale BG particles).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Optical microscopy images of chitosan micro BG coatings before (a) and after (b) Tape Test; and of chitosan nano BG coatings before (c) and after (d) Tape Test.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Scanning electron microscopy images of TiAl6V4 scaffolds with chitosan-BG composite coating containing (a) and (b) micro BG; and (c) and (d) nano BG particles.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of chitosan/BG composites coatings. (a): microsized BG; and (b): nanosized BG.
Figure 5
Figure 5
SEM images of chitosan-BG coatings after immersion for 21 days in simulated body fluid (SBF) for BG micro-particle composites on 2D (a) and 3D (c) substrates and for nanosized BG composites on 2D (b) and 3D (d,e) substrates.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Results of antibacterial studies on different samples: (a) pure stainless steel; (b) chitosan; (c) chitosan/BG; and (d) chitosan/nano BG.
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