Detection of oral human papillomavirus in HIV-positive men who have sex with men 3 years after baseline: a follow up cross-sectional study

Jason J Ong; Tim R H Read; Lenka A Vodstrcil; Sandra Walker; Marcus Chen; Catriona S Bradshaw; Suzanne M Garland; Sepehr N Tabrizi; Alyssa Cornall; Andrew Grulich; Jane Hocking; Christopher K Fairley

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102138

Detection of oral human papillomavirus in HIV-positive men who have sex with men 3 years after baseline: a follow up cross-sectional study

PLoS One. 2014 Jul 17;9(7):e102138. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102138. eCollection 2014.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
² Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Carlton, Victoria, Australia; Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
³ Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
⁴ Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
⁵ Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Regional HPV Lab Net Reference Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
⁶ Regional HPV Lab Net Reference Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
⁷ Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.

Abstract

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a causative agent in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The natural history of oral HPV in HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) is unclear.

Methods: Detection of oral human papillomavirus in 173 HIV-positive MSM using oral rinse samples 3 years apart was investigated. HPV DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction, and genotyped by Roche Linear Array.

Results: Of 173 men tested in 2010, 30 had at least one HPV genotype (17%, 95% CI: 12-23), 15 at least one hr-HPV (9%, 95% CI: 5-14) and 8 had HPV 16 (5%, 95% CI: 2-9) detected. In 2013, 33 had at least one HPV genotype (19%, 95% CI: 14-26), 20 had at least one hr-HPV (12%, 95% CI: 7-17) and 7 had HPV 16 (4%, 95% CI: 2-8) detected. Of 30 men at baseline (2010) with any HPV detected, 14 (47%, 95% CI: 28-66) had at least one persistent genotype. Of the 15 men in 2010 with high risk (hr-) HPV, 6 men (40%, 95% CI: 16-68) had at least one persistent hr-HPV genotype. The incidence rate of detection of at least one new HPV genotype was 4.8 per 100 person years (95% CI: 3.1-7.0), of at least one hr-HPV genotype was 3.2 per 100 person years (95% CI: 1.8-5.1) and of HPV 16 was 0.8 per 100 person years (95% CI: 0.2-2.0). The clearance rate was 14.9 per 100 person years (95% CI: 8.2-24.2) for any HPV, 18.2 per 100 person years (95% CI: 8.2-32.7) for hr-HPV and 17.4 per 100 person years (95% CI: 5.0-38.8) for HPV-16. Persistent HPV detection was associated with duration of HIV (OR 1.13 (per additional year), 95% CI: 1.00-1.26) and tonsillectomy (OR 8.17, 95% CI: 1.30-51.40).

Conclusion: The same oral HPV genotype was detected again after 3 years in nearly half of HIV-positive men who have sex with men.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Alphapapillomavirus / classification
Alphapapillomavirus / genetics*
Alphapapillomavirus / isolation & purification
Cross-Sectional Studies
HIV Infections / complications*
HIV Infections / virology
Homosexuality, Male
Humans
Male
Mouth / virology*
Papillomavirus Infections / complications
Papillomavirus Infections / epidemiology*
Papillomavirus Infections / virology
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Prospective Studies
Sexual Behavior

Grants and funding

National Health and Research Medical Council Program grant (568971) (https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/). CK received funding. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.