Stable ischemic heart disease

Richard Kones; Umme Rumana

doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2014.04.004

Stable ischemic heart disease

Cardiol Clin. 2014 Aug;32(3):333-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2014.04.004.

Authors

Richard Kones¹, Umme Rumana²

Affiliations

¹ The Cardiometabolic Research Institute, 8181 Fannin Street, Unit 314, Houston, TX 77054, USA. Electronic address: cardiacresearchinstitute@gmail.com.
² The Cardiometabolic Research Institute, 8181 Fannin Street, Unit 314, Houston, TX 77054, USA.

PMID: 25091962
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccl.2014.04.004

Abstract

Classical angina refers to typical substernal discomfort triggered by effort or emotions, relieved with rest or nitroglycerin. The well-accepted pathogenesis is an imbalance between oxygen supply and demand. Goals in therapy are improvement in quality of life by limiting the number and severity of attacks, protection against future lethal events, and measures to lower the burden of risk factors to slow disease progression. New pathophysiological data, drugs, as well as conceptual and technological advances have improved patient care over the past decade. Behavioral changes to improve diets, increase physical activity, and encourage adherence to cardiac rehabilitation programs, are difficult to achieve but are effective.

Keywords: Angina; Calcium channel blockers; Cardiovascular risk assessment; Coronary artery disease; Myocardial oxygen balance; Nitrates; Silent ischemia; Stable ischemic heart disease; β-Blockers.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Diagnostic Imaging*
Global Health
Humans
Myocardial Ischemia / diagnosis
Myocardial Ischemia / epidemiology*
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Severity of Illness Index