Abstract
HIV-1 infection can now be readily controlled with combination antiretroviral therapy. However, the virus persists indefinitely in a stable latent reservoir in resting CD4(+) T cells. This reservoir generally prevents cure of the infection with combination antiretroviral therapy alone. However, several recent cases of potential HIV-1 cure have generated renewed optimism. Here we review these cases and consider new developments in our understanding of the latent reservoir. In addition, we consider clinical aspects of curative strategies to provide a more realistic picture of what a generally applicable cure for HIV-1 infection is likely to entail.
Keywords:
HIV; antiretroviral therapy; cure; eradication; latency; reservoir; stem cell transplantation.
Copyright © 2014 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Adult
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Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use*
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Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / pathology
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / virology*
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HIV Infections / complications
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HIV Infections / immunology
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HIV Infections / therapy*
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HIV Infections / virology
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HIV-1 / immunology*
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Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
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Humans
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Immunologic Memory
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Infant, Newborn
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Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / complications
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Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / immunology
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Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / therapy*
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Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / virology
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Lymphocyte Depletion
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Myeloablative Agonists / therapeutic use
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Receptors, CCR5 / deficiency
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Receptors, CCR5 / immunology
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Virus Activation
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Virus Latency / drug effects*
Substances
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Anti-HIV Agents
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CCR5 protein, human
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Myeloablative Agonists
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Receptors, CCR5