Nasogastric tube feeding in cats with suspected acute pancreatitis: 55 cases (2001-2006)

J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2009 Aug;19(4):337-46. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2009.00438.x.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the complications and outcome associated with different nasogastric tube (NGT) feeding techniques in cats with suspected acute pancreatitis.

Design: Descriptive retrospective case series.

Setting: Small animal emergency and referral hospital.

Animals: The patient database (2001-2006) was searched for cats with suspected acute pancreatitis that received NGT liquid enteral feeding within 72 hours of admission and ≥12 hours during hospitalization.

Measurements and main results: Signalment, history, clinical signs, laboratory data and abdominal ultrasonographic examinations were used for suspected diagnosis. Cats were grouped based upon whether they received bolus feeding or continuous rate infusion (CRI) of a liquid diet via the NGT, and whether or not administration of an intravenous amino acid and carbohydrate solution occurred prior to NGT feeding (AAS and non-AAS group, respectively). Fifty-five cats were included. For all cats, NGT feeding was initiated at a mean of 33.5 ± 15.0 hours and the target caloric intake (1.2 X {(30 X BW [kg]) +70}) was reached at 58.0 ± 28.4 hours from presentation. There was a significantly longer time from admission to the initiation of NGT feeding in the 34/55 cats in the AAS group vs. the 21/55 cats in the non-AAS group (P = 0.009). The 8 bolus-fed cats took longer to reach target caloric intake vs. the 47 CRI-fed cats (P = 0.002). Complications associated with NGT feeding for all cats included: mechanical problems (13%), diarrhea (25%), vomiting following NGT placement (20%) and vomiting following NGT feeding (13%). Mean time to discharge for all cats occurred after 78.6 ± 29.5 hours with an overall weight gain of 0.08 ± 0.52 kg. Fifty cats survived 28 days post-discharge.

Conclusions: NGT feeding in this group of cats with suspected acute pancreatitis was well tolerated, and associated with a low incidence of diarrhea, vomiting, and mechanical complications.

Keywords: enteral feeding; enteral nutrition; feline; partial parenteral nutrition; tube feeding.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Arizona
  • Cat Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Cat Diseases / pathology
  • Cat Diseases / therapy*
  • Cats
  • Databases, Factual
  • Emergencies / veterinary
  • Emergency Service, Hospital
  • Enteral Nutrition / adverse effects
  • Enteral Nutrition / veterinary
  • Female
  • Intubation, Gastrointestinal / adverse effects
  • Intubation, Gastrointestinal / veterinary*
  • Male
  • Pain Measurement / veterinary
  • Pancreatitis / therapy
  • Pancreatitis / veterinary*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ultrasonography