The literature data on glycine metabolism in neural tissue, mitochondrial Gly-cleaving system, Gly-catching system in neural and glial cells are summarized. The peculiarities of localization and distribution of specific glycine receptors and binding-sites in nervous tissue of mammals are described. Four types of glycine-binding receptors are described: own specific glycine receptor (Gly-R), ionotropic receptor, which binds N-methyl-D-aspartate selectively (NMDA-R), and ionotropic receptors of g-aminobutyrate (GABA A -R, GABA С -R). The features of glycine effects in neuroglial cultures are discussed.
Obobshcheny dannye literatury o metabolizme glitsina v nervnoĭ tkani, mitokhondrial'noĭ Gly-rasshchepliaiushcheĭ sisteme, sisteme zakhvata glitsina v nervnykh i glial'nykh kletkakh. Kratko opisany osobennosti lokalizatsii, rasprostranennosti retseptorov i spetsificheskikh saĭtov sviazyvaniia glitsina v nervnoĭ tkani mlekopitaiushchikh. Okharakterizovany chetyre tipa retseptorov, s kotorymi glitsin mozhet sviazyvat'sia: sobstvennyĭ spetsificheskiĭ retseptor glitsina (Gly-R), ionotropnyĭ retseptor glutamata, selektivno sviazyvaiushchiĭ N-metil-D-aspartat (NMDA-R), i ionotropnye retseptory g-aminobutirata (GABA A -R, GABA S -R). Izlozheny osobennosti éffektov glitsina v neĭroglial'nykh kul'turakh.
Keywords: glycine; metabolism; neural tissue cells; neuroprotective action; receptors; regulatory effects.