Lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2 (LanCL2) is a novel regulator of Akt

Mol Biol Cell. 2014 Dec 1;25(24):3954-61. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E14-01-0004. Epub 2014 Oct 1.

Abstract

The serine/threonine protein kinase Akt controls a wide range of biochemical and cellular processes under the modulation of a variety of regulators. In this study, we identify the lanthionine synthetase C-like 2 (LanCL2) protein as a positive regulator of Akt activation in human liver cells. LanCL2 knockdown dampens serum- and insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation, whereas LanCL2 overexpression enhances these processes. Neither insulin receptor phosphorylation nor the interaction between insulin receptor substrate and phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is affected by LanCL2 knockdown. LanCL2 also does not function through PP2A, a phosphatase of Akt. Instead, LanCL2 directly interacts with Akt, with a preference for inactive Akt. Moreover, we show that LanCL2 also binds to the Akt kinase mTORC2, but not phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1. Whereas LanCL2 is not required for the Akt-mTORC2 interaction, recombinant LanCL2 enhances Akt phosphorylation by target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) in vitro. Finally, consistent with a function of Akt in regulating cell survival, LanCL2 knockdown increases the rate of apoptosis, which is reversed by the expression of a constitutively active Akt. Taken together, our findings reveal LanCL2 as a novel regulator of Akt and suggest that LanCL2 facilitates optimal phosphorylation of Akt by mTORC2 via direct physical interactions with both the kinase and the substrate.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alanine / analogs & derivatives
  • Alanine / metabolism
  • Apoptosis*
  • Blotting, Western
  • Cell Line, Transformed
  • Cell Survival
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Hep G2 Cells
  • Humans
  • Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2
  • Membrane Proteins / genetics
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism*
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence
  • Multiprotein Complexes / metabolism
  • Nuclear Proteins / genetics
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism*
  • Phosphate-Binding Proteins
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Binding
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism*
  • RNA Interference
  • Sulfides / metabolism
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism

Substances

  • LANCL2 protein, human
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Multiprotein Complexes
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Phosphate-Binding Proteins
  • Sulfides
  • Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • lanthionine
  • Alanine