Permeability changes of integrin-containing multivesicular structures triggered by picornavirus entry

PLoS One. 2014 Oct 9;9(10):e108948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108948. eCollection 2014.

Abstract

Cellular uptake of clustered α2β1-integrin induces the formation of membrane compartments that subsequently mature into a multivesicular body (MVB). Enhanced internalization mediated by clustered integrins was observed upon infection by the picornavirus echovirus 1 (EVI). We elucidated the structural features of virus-induced MVBs (vMVBs) in comparison to antibody-induced control MVBs (mock infection) by means of high-pressure cryo fixation of cells followed by immuno electron tomography during early entry of the virus. Three-dimensional tomograms revealed a marked increase in the size and complexity of these vMVBs and the intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) at 2 and 3.5 hours post infection (p.i.), in contrast to the control MVBs without virus. Breakages in the membranes of vMVBs were detected from tomograms after 2 and especially after 3.5 h suggesting that these breakages could facilitate the genome release to the cytoplasm. The in situ neutral-red labeling of viral genome showed that virus uncoating starts as early as 30 min p.i., while an increase of permeability was detected in the vMVBs between 1 and 3 hours p.i., based on a confocal microscopy assay. Altogether, the data show marked morphological changes in size and permeability of the endosomes in the infectious entry pathway of this non-enveloped enterovirus and suggest that the formed breakages facilitate the transfer of the genome to the cytoplasm for replication.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • Cell Membrane / physiology
  • Cell Membrane / virology
  • Cytoplasm / metabolism
  • Cytoplasm / physiology
  • Electron Microscope Tomography / methods
  • Endosomes / metabolism
  • Endosomes / physiology
  • Endosomes / virology
  • Humans
  • Integrin alpha2beta1 / metabolism*
  • Microscopy, Confocal
  • Multivesicular Bodies / metabolism*
  • Multivesicular Bodies / physiology
  • Multivesicular Bodies / virology*
  • Permeability
  • Picornaviridae / metabolism*
  • Picornaviridae / physiology*
  • Picornaviridae Infections / metabolism*
  • Picornaviridae Infections / physiopathology*
  • Picornaviridae Infections / virology

Substances

  • Integrin alpha2beta1