A critical evaluation of bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis in estimating body composition during GH treatment: comparison with bromide dilution and dual X-ray absorptiometry

Vita Birzniece; Chong-Hui Khaw; Anne E Nelson; Udo Meinhardt; Ken K Y Ho

doi:10.1530/EJE-14-0660

A critical evaluation of bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis in estimating body composition during GH treatment: comparison with bromide dilution and dual X-ray absorptiometry

Eur J Endocrinol. 2015 Jan;172(1):21-8. doi: 10.1530/EJE-14-0660. Epub 2014 Oct 17.

Authors

Vita Birzniece¹, Chong-Hui Khaw², Anne E Nelson², Udo Meinhardt³, Ken K Y Ho⁴

Affiliations

¹ Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
² Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
³ Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
⁴ Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia k.ho@uq.edu.au.

PMID: 25326135
DOI: 10.1530/EJE-14-0660

Abstract

Objective: To compare estimates by bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis (BIS) of extracellular water (ECW), fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) against standard techniques of bromide dilution and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) during intervention that causes significant changes in water compartments and body composition.

Methods: Body composition analysis using BIS, bromide dilution, and DXA was performed in 71 healthy recreational athletes (43 men, 28 women; aged 18-40 years; BMI 24 ± 0.4 kg/m(2)) who participated in a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study of GH and testosterone treatment. The comparison of BIS with bromide dilution and DXA was analyzed using linear regression and the Bland-Altman method.

Results: At baseline, there was a significant correlation between BIS and bromide dilution-derived estimates for ECW, and DXA for FM and FFM (P<0.001). ECW by BIS was 3.5 ± 8.1% lower compared with bromide dilution, while FM was 22.4 ± 26.8% lower and FFM 13.7 ± 7.5% higher compared with DXA (P<0.01). During treatment, the change in ECW was similar between BIS and bromide dilution, whereas BIS gave a significantly greater reduction in FM (19.4 ± 44.8%) and a greater increase in FFM (5.6 ± 3.0%) compared with DXA (P<0.01). Significant differences in body composition estimates between the BIS and DXA were observed only in men, particularly during the treatment that caused greatest change in water compartments and body composition.

Conclusion: In healthy adults, bioimpedance spectroscopy is an acceptable tool for measuring ECW; however, BIS overestimates FFM and substantially underestimates FM compared with DXA.

Publication types

Comparative Study
Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Absorptiometry, Photon / methods
Absorptiometry, Photon / standards*
Adolescent
Adult
Body Composition / physiology*
Bromides / blood*
Dielectric Spectroscopy / methods
Dielectric Spectroscopy / standards*
Double-Blind Method
Female
Human Growth Hormone / therapeutic use*
Humans
Male
Treatment Outcome
Young Adult

Substances

Bromides
Human Growth Hormone

Associated data

ANZCTR/ACTRN012605000508673