Rationale: Patient perceptions of financial burden and rates of cost-related nonadherence are high among individuals with asthma across the socioeconomic spectrum. Little is known about preferences and frequency of physician-patient discussions about cost/affordability among individuals managing respiratory conditions.
Objectives: To examine who has a preference to discuss the cost of their asthma care with their physician, how often physician-patient communication about cost/affordability actually is occurring, and what clinical and demographic characteristics of patients are predictive of communication.
Methods: Data came from 422 African American adult women with asthma who were asked about communication preferences and practices around cost and affordability with their physician. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple variable logistic regression models.
Measurements and main results: Fifty-two percent (n = 219) of this sample perceived financial burden. Seventy-two percent (n = 300) reported a preference to discuss cost with their health-care provider. Thirty-nine percent (n = 163) reported actually having a conversation with their physician about cost. Among the 61% who reported no discussion, 40% (n = 103) reported financial burden, and 55% (n = 140) reported a preference for discussion. Lower household income (P < 0.001), perception of financial burden (P < 0.001), and higher out-of-pocket expenses for medicines (P < 0.05) were significantly predictive of greater preference to communicate about cost/affordability with the doctor when adjusted for clinical and demographic characteristics. Perception of financial burden (P < 0.001), preference to discuss affordability (P < 0.001), and greater number of chronic conditions (P < 0.001) were significantly predictive of greater likelihood of communication about cost/affordability with the doctor when adjusted for clinical and demographic characteristics. Bivariate analyses revealed that patients who reported a discussion of cost were more likely to report worse asthma control and lower asthma-related quality of life.
Conclusions: An imbalance is evident between patients who would like to discuss cost with their doctor and those who actually do. Patients are interested in low-cost options and a venue for addressing their concerns with a care provider; therefore, a greater understanding is needed in how to effectively and efficiently integrate these conversations and viable solutions into the delivery of health care. Additional research is necessary to determine whether communication about the cost of therapy is associated with health outcomes.
Keywords: cost-related nonadherence; financial burden; patient preferences; self-management.