Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents

Arch Dis Child. 2015 May;100(5):495-9. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2014-306934. Epub 2014 Nov 14.

Abstract

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in childhood and adolescence is an impairing condition, associated with a specific set of distressing symptoms incorporating repetitive, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and distressing, time-consuming rituals (compulsions). This review considers current knowledge of causes and mechanisms underlying OCD, as well as assessment and treatment. Issues relating to differential diagnosis are summarised, including the challenges of distinguishing OCD from autism spectrum disorders and tic disorders in youth. The recommended treatments, namely cognitive behaviour therapy and serotonin reuptake inhibiting/selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medications, are outlined along with the existing evidence-based and factors associated with treatment resistance. Finally, novel clinical developments that are emerging in the field and future directions for research are discussed.

Keywords: Child Psychiatry; Child Psychology; Outcomes research; Psychology.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Child
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / methods
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Humans
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / diagnosis
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / etiology*
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / therapy
  • Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors