Cataract is the leading cause of impaired vision and vision loss in dogs. Because of the considerable progress in cataract surgery in recent decades, lens opacities can now be operated on with very good short-term success (90-95%), taking into account that proper patient selection is essential to maximize the probability of a successful surgical outcome. Following a description of anatomical and physiological lens characteristics, the etiology and complications of untreated cataracts are discussed. Furthermore, specific criteria for patient selection are addressed while delineating essential steps of the examination. This article aims to aid decision making in cataract therapy on the basis of diagnostic guidance and to facilitate the selection of an appropriate point of time for surgery.
Keywords: Ophthalmology; etiology of cataracts; glaucoma; lens; lens-induced uveitis; phacoemulsification.