Chronic dietary n-6 PUFA deprivation leads to conservation of arachidonic acid and more rapid loss of DHA in rat brain phospholipids

J Lipid Res. 2015 Feb;56(2):390-402. doi: 10.1194/jlr.M055590. Epub 2014 Dec 4.

Abstract

To determine how the level of dietary n-6 PUFA affects the rate of loss of arachidonic acid (ARA) and DHA in brain phospholipids, male rats were fed either a deprived or adequate n-6 PUFA diet for 15 weeks postweaning, and then subjected to an intracerebroventricular infusion of (3)H-ARA or (3)H-DHA. Brains were collected at fixed times over 128 days to determine half-lives and the rates of loss from brain phospholipids (J out). Compared with the adequate n-6 PUFA rats, the deprived n-6-PUFA rats had a 15% lower concentration of ARA and an 18% higher concentration of DHA in their brain total phospholipids. Loss half-lives of ARA in brain total phospholipids and fractions (except phosphatidylserine) were longer in the deprived n-6 PUFA rats, whereas the J out was decreased. In the deprived versus adequate n-6 PUFA rats, the J out of DHA was higher. In conclusion, chronic n-6 PUFA deprivation decreases the rate of loss of ARA and increases the rate of loss of DHA in brain phospholipids. Thus, a low n-6 PUFA diet can be used to target brain ARA and DHA metabolism.

Keywords: docosahexaenoic acid; eicosanoid; kinetics; metabolism; polyunsaturated fatty acid.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Arachidonic Acid / metabolism*
  • Brain / metabolism*
  • Docosahexaenoic Acids / metabolism*
  • Eicosanoids / metabolism
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / deficiency*
  • Kinetics
  • Male
  • Phospholipids / metabolism*
  • Rats

Substances

  • Eicosanoids
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-6
  • Phospholipids
  • Docosahexaenoic Acids
  • Arachidonic Acid