Identification of a novel mutation in MAGT1 and progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy in a 58-year-old man with XMEN disease

J Clin Immunol. 2015 Feb;35(2):112-8. doi: 10.1007/s10875-014-0116-2. Epub 2014 Dec 13.

Abstract

XMEN disease (X-linked immunodeficiency with Magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection and Neoplasia) is a novel primary immune deficiency caused by mutations in MAGT1 and characterised by chronic infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), EBV-driven lymphoma, CD4 T-cell lymphopenia, and dysgammaglobulinemia [1]. Functional studies have demonstrated roles for magnesium as a second messenger in T-cell receptor signalling [1], and for NKG2D expression and consequently NK- and CD8 T-cell cytotoxicity [2]. 7 patients have been described in the literature; the oldest died at 45 years and was diagnosed posthumously [1-3]. We present the case of a 58-year-old Caucasian gentleman with a novel mutation in MAGT1 with the aim of adding to the phenotype of this newly described disease by detailing his clinical course over more than 20 years.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Brain / pathology
  • Cation Transport Proteins / genetics*
  • DNA Mutational Analysis
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
  • Humans
  • Immunophenotyping
  • Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / diagnosis*
  • Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / etiology*
  • Lymph Nodes / pathology
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation*
  • Phenotype
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / metabolism
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases / complications*
  • X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases / diagnosis
  • X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases / genetics*

Substances

  • Cation Transport Proteins
  • MagT1 protein, human
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18