Intranasal and intravenous administration of octa-arginine modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles facilitates central nervous system delivery of loperamide

J Pharm Pharmacol. 2015 Apr;67(4):525-36. doi: 10.1111/jphp.12347. Epub 2014 Dec 17.

Abstract

Objectives: The potential of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) surface modified with octa-arginine (R8) for central nervous system (CNS) delivery was investigated.

Methods: PLGA NPs containing coumarin-6 or loperamide were surface modified using R8 and characterised for size, zeta potential, drug loading and release. We examined the cellular uptake of NPs in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells and CNS delivery of loperamide in a mouse model following intranasal (i.n.) and intravenous (i.v.) administration.

Key findings: NPs were 300-350 nm in diameter and of negative zeta potential which neutralised on R8 conjugation. Cellular uptake of R8-PLGA NPs was rapid compared with PLGA NPs and correlated with a high antinociceptive effect in mice by both the i.n. and i.v. routes. Little antinociceptive effect for PLGA NPs was observed reflecting their slow uptake in the in-vitro cell model.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential of R8-PLGA NPs as carriers of therapeutic agents to the CNS.

Keywords: PLGA; central nervous system delivery; loperamide; nanoparticles; octa-arginine.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Intranasal
  • Administration, Intravenous
  • Analgesics / administration & dosage
  • Analgesics / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Arginine / chemistry*
  • Cell Line
  • Central Nervous System*
  • Coumarins / administration & dosage
  • Dogs
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Female
  • Lactic Acid / chemistry*
  • Loperamide / administration & dosage*
  • Loperamide / pharmacology
  • Male
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Nanoconjugates / chemistry*
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Particle Size
  • Polyesters
  • Polyglycolic Acid / chemistry*
  • Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
  • Polymers / chemistry
  • Thiazoles / administration & dosage

Substances

  • Analgesics
  • Coumarins
  • Nanoconjugates
  • Polyesters
  • Polymers
  • Thiazoles
  • coumarin 6
  • Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
  • Polyglycolic Acid
  • Lactic Acid
  • poly(lactide)
  • Loperamide
  • Arginine