Yttrium-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan followed by rituximab maintenance as treatment for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma are not candidates for autologous stem cell transplant

Acta Haematol. 2015;133(4):347-53. doi: 10.1159/000368291. Epub 2015 Feb 7.

Abstract

Background: Not all patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are candidates for aggressive regimens. (90)Y ibritumomab tiuxetan ((90)Y-IT), an anti-CD20 radionuclide-conjugated antibody, has demonstrated clinical efficacy in DLBCL with a favorable toxicity profile.

Methods: This phase II trial investigated the overall response rate (ORR), event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS) and toxicity of treatment with (90)Y-IT (0.4 or 0.3 mCi (90)Y/kg based on platelets) followed by rituximab maintenance therapy in patients with DLBCL not candidates for transplant.

Results: 25 patients were enrolled. At best response 8 patients obtained a complete response (CR) and 1 a partial response (ORR 36%). Median EFS was 2.5 months and OS 8.1 months. No patient who obtained CR later relapsed systemically. Two patients were free of disease at the 61- and 100-month follow-ups; 65% had grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia, but no significant bleeding was observed. Grade 3 nonhematologic toxicity occurred in 36%. Patients who had progressed through a rituximab-containing regimen responded poorly.

Conclusion: The ORR of 36% with (90)Y-IT as salvage therapy for DLBCL while inferior to more aggressive regimens is significant with acceptable toxicity. For a subset of patients not candidates for salvage with autologous transplant, this treatment strategy can produce a durable, long-lasting remission.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / adverse effects
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / adverse effects
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / chemistry
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / therapeutic use*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / diagnostic imaging
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / drug therapy*
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / mortality
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • Radioimmunotherapy
  • Remission Induction
  • Rituximab
  • Salvage Therapy
  • Survival Rate
  • Thrombocytopenia / etiology
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Yttrium Radioisotopes / chemistry
  • Yttrium Radioisotopes / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Yttrium Radioisotopes
  • Rituximab
  • ibritumomab tiuxetan