Long-Term Caregiver Mental Health Outcomes Following a Predominately Online Intervention for Adolescents With Complicated Mild to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

J Pediatr Psychol. 2015 Aug;40(7):680-8. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsv001. Epub 2015 Feb 13.

Abstract

Objective: To examine the efficacy of counselor-assisted problem solving (CAPS) in improving long-term caregiver psychological functioning following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adolescents.

Methods: This randomized clinical trial compared CAPS (n = 65), a predominantly online problem-solving intervention, with an Internet resource comparison (n = 67) program. Families of adolescents with TBI completed a baseline assessment and follow-up assessments 6, 12, and 18 months later. General linear mixed models were used to examine longitudinal changes in caregiver global psychological distress, depressive symptoms, and caregiving self-efficacy. Family income and injury severity were examined as moderators of treatment efficacy.

Results: Family income moderated long-term changes in caregiver psychological distress. For lower-income caregivers, the CAPS intervention was associated with lower levels of psychological distress at 6, 12, and 18 months post baseline.

Conclusions: These findings support the utility of Web-based interventions in improving long-term caregiver psychological distress, particularly for lower-income families.

Keywords: caregiver outcomes; psychopathology; traumatic brain injury.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Brain Injuries / nursing*
  • Caregivers / psychology*
  • Counseling
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Income*
  • Internet
  • Male
  • Problem Solving / physiology
  • Psychotherapy / methods*
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Stress, Psychological / therapy*
  • Treatment Outcome