Fear of self, doubt and obsessive compulsive symptoms

J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2015 Dec;49(Pt B):164-172. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.02.005. Epub 2015 Feb 21.

Abstract

Background and objectives: Following observations in the literature that obsessions often contain or imply negative evaluative information about the self, Aardema et al. (2013) recently developed a measure of feared-self relevant to OCD. The current study aimed to provide further examination of the relevance of such feared self-beliefs to obsessive compulsive processes - in particular whether they partially underlie doubt in OCD-relevant situations.

Method: Nonclinical participants (N = 463; 291 females; Mage = 25.17, SD = 7.47), were presented with three vignettes, related to washing, checking and non-OCD relevant themes, which assessed doubt through providing alternating sensory and possibility-based information.

Results: Higher levels of OCD symptoms and feared-self beliefs both significantly predicted both higher baseline levels of doubt and greater fluctuation in levels of doubt in both the contamination and checking scenarios, and to a much lesser extent in the control scenario. Feared-self beliefs did not predict fluctuation in doubt over-and-above OCD symptoms, consistent with a mediation model.

Limitations: The main limitation was the use of a non-clinical sample, although this allowed sufficient participant numbers to test hypotheses.

Conclusions: The findings provided further experimental support for reasoning processes in OCD, and suggested that feared self-beliefs may make individuals vulnerable to experiencing doubt. Additionally, these results suggested that individuals with high OCD symptoms and those with high feared self-beliefs are unable to recognise the improbable nature of possibility-based statements. Implications for treatment and theory are discussed.

Keywords: Beliefs; Cognition; Doubt; Inferential confusion; Obsessive compulsive disorder; Self.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Culture
  • Emotions*
  • Fear / psychology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / complications
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / psychology*
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
  • Self Concept*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Thinking / physiology*
  • Young Adult