Objectives: To explore differences in sociodemographic and psychological correlates of institutional trust in health care in an aging population of African Americans and non-Hispanic whites.
Design: Cross-sectional survey data from the longitudinal Chicago Health and Aging Project.
Setting: Population-based study of three communities in the Chicago area.
Participants: African Americans (n=2,284) and non-Hispanic whites (1,354) with a mean age of 79.3.
Measurements: Demographic factors, socioeconomic status (SES), healthcare access, cynical hostility, perceived discrimination, depression, and institutional trust in health care.
Results: African Americans reported substantially lower healthcare trust than non-Hispanic whites (P<.001). After adjustment for demographic variables and SES, only race (P<.001) and age (P=.008) were significantly associated with healthcare trust scores. The association between race and healthcare trust was slightly attenuated after adjusting for cynical hostility, depressive symptoms, and perceived discrimination (P<.001). Each of these variables was negatively associated with healthcare trust, and together these accounted for approximately 15% of racial differences in healthcare trust.
Conclusion: Psychological factors, not demographic characteristics, SES, or healthcare factors, appear to contribute the most to disparities in healthcare trust between older African Americans and non-Hispanic whites.
Keywords: depression; discrimination; disparities; hostility; trust.
© 2015, Copyright the Authors Journal compilation © 2015, The American Geriatrics Society.