Assessing possible DSM-5 ASD subtypes in a sample of victims meeting caseness for DSM-5 ASD based on self-report following multiple forms of traumatic exposure

Maj Hansen; Cherie Armour; Li Wang; Ask Elklit; Richard A Bryant

doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.02.005

Assessing possible DSM-5 ASD subtypes in a sample of victims meeting caseness for DSM-5 ASD based on self-report following multiple forms of traumatic exposure

J Anxiety Disord. 2015 Apr:31:84-9. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.02.005. Epub 2015 Feb 28.

Authors

Maj Hansen¹, Cherie Armour², Li Wang³, Ask Elklit⁴, Richard A Bryant⁵

Affiliations

¹ National Centre for Psychotraumatology, Institute for Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. Electronic address: mhansen@health.sdu.dk.
² School of Psychology and Psychology Research Institute, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK.
³ Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
⁴ National Centre for Psychotraumatology, Institute for Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
⁵ School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia.

PMID: 25768397
DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.02.005

Abstract

Acute stress disorder (ASD) was introduced into the DSM-IV to recognize early traumatic responses and as a precursor of PTSD. Although the diagnostic criteria for ASD were altered and structured more similarly to the PTSD definition in DSM-5, only the PTSD diagnosis includes a dissociative subtype. Emerging research has indicated that there also appears to be a highly symptomatic subtype for ASD. However, the specific nature of the subtype is currently unclear. The present study investigates the possible presence of ASD subtypes in a mixed sample of victims meeting caseness for DSM-5 ASD based on self-report following four different types of traumatic exposure (N=472). The results of latent profile analysis revealed a 5-class solution. The highly symptomatic class was marked by high endorsement on avoidance and dissociation compared to the other classes. Findings are discussed in regard to its clinical implications including the implications for the pending the ICD-11 and the recently released DSM-5.

Keywords: ASD subtypes; Acute stress disorder; DSM-5; ICD-11; Latent profile analysis.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Crime Victims / psychology*
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Disaster Victims / psychology*
Dissociative Disorders / diagnosis
Female
Humans
Male
Rape / psychology
Self Report
Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute / diagnosis*
Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute / psychology
Violence / psychology