"Dry ejaculation" occurred in none of 15 patients with testicular cancer treated by right-sided retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RLND). After left-sided and bilateral RLND, "dry ejaculation" was observed in 7/21 and 51/61 men respectively. Twelve of 21 patients with "dry ejaculation" or small volumes of seminal fluid had true retrograde ejaculation. In 7 of 10 men the ejaculatory volume increased significantly after treatment with imipramine chloride. Four men impregnated their wives during treatment with the drug. Without impairing the results of therapy it is possible to spare fibres from the sympathetic chains and pre-sacral plexus during RLND due to testicular cancer, thus preserving fertility in at least 40% of patients.