Diabetic nephropathy is diagnosed by the appearance of microalbuminuria and progresses to macroalbuminuria and end-stage kidney disease. Thus, it is important to estimate the urinary albumin excretion and glomerular filtration rates. The main targets of the treatment of diabetic nephropathy include hyperglycemia and glomerular hypertension. The results of many randomized controlled trial indicate that strict glycemic control can reduce the risk for the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. For the treatment of glomerular hypertension, the inhibitor of renin-angiotensin system is the first choice and the tight blood pressure control is also necessary. It is now possible to induce the remission of diabetic nephropathy by the intensified multifactorial treatment.