Cardiovascular effects of fingolimod: Relevance, detection and approach

Abstract

Fingolimod, a structural analogue of sphingosine, is the first oral treatment available for multiple sclerosis. The presence of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors in the sinus and atrioventricular nodes, myocardial cells, endothelial cells and arterial smooth muscle cells is responsible for fingolimod's cardiovascular effects. We provide a comprehensive review of the mechanisms of these effects and characterize their clinical relevance.

Keywords: Atrioventricular block; Bloqueio auriculoventricular; Bradicardia; Bradycardia; Esclerose múltipla; Fingolimod; Frequência cardíaca; Heart rate; Multiple sclerosis.