Although we are still early in the evolution of optical imaging of the optic nerve, the available techniques already play an important role in clinical decision making. I would summarize our findings to date as follows: For acute ON: Presentation: OCT shows RNFL swelling, normal GCL + IPL by OCT; 1 month: OCT and SLP show RNFL thinning and swelling, GCL + IPL thinning by OCT; 3 months or later: OCT and SLP show RNFL thinning, further mild GCL thinning by OCT; 6 months: RNFL and GCL + IPL thinning finished. For acute NAION: Presentation: OCT shows RNFL swelling and SLP shows loss of birefringence, normal GCL + IPL by OCT; 1 month: RNFL swelling and thinning by OCT and thinning by SLP, GCL + IPL thinning by OCT; 3 months or later: RNFL and further mild GCL + IPL thinning; 6 months: RNFL and GCL + IPL thinning finished. For IIH Papilledema with mild vision loss: Presentation: OCT shows swelling of RNFL, TRT, and ONH volume; Presentation: OCT shows normal GCL + IPL; Presentation: OCT shows neural canal border inward deflection; 6 months: OCT shows structural shape changes reflecting the effectiveness of treatment.