Deoxynybomycins inhibit mutant DNA gyrase and rescue mice infected with fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria

Nat Commun. 2015 Apr 24:6:6947. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7947.

Abstract

Fluoroquinolones are one of the most commonly prescribed classes of antibiotics, but fluoroquinolone resistance (FQR) is widespread and increasing. Deoxynybomycin (DNM) is a natural-product antibiotic with an unusual mechanism of action, inhibiting the mutant DNA gyrase that confers FQR. Unfortunately, isolation of DNM is difficult and DNM is insoluble in aqueous solutions, making it a poor candidate for development. Here we describe a facile chemical route to produce DNM and its derivatives. These compounds possess excellent activity against FQR methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci clinical isolates and inhibit mutant DNA gyrase in-vitro. Bacteria that develop resistance to DNM are re-sensitized to fluoroquinolones, suggesting that resistance that emerges to DNM would be treatable. Using a DNM derivative, the first in-vivo efficacy of the nybomycin class is demonstrated in a mouse infection model. Overall, the data presented suggest the promise of DNM derivatives for the treatment of FQR infections.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • DNA Gyrase / genetics
  • DNA Gyrase / metabolism
  • DNA Topoisomerases / genetics
  • DNA Topoisomerases / metabolism
  • Drug Resistance, Bacterial
  • Escherichia coli / enzymology
  • Female
  • Fluoroquinolones / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
  • Quinolones / chemistry
  • Quinolones / pharmacology*
  • Quinolones / therapeutic use
  • Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
  • Staphylococcal Infections / drug therapy*
  • Staphylococcal Infections / microbiology*
  • Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Fluoroquinolones
  • Quinolones
  • deoxynybomycin-2
  • deoxynybomycin-3
  • deoxynybomycin
  • DNA Topoisomerases
  • DNA Gyrase