Unprecedented Mechanism Employed by the Salmonella enterica EutT ATP:Co(I)rrinoid Adenosyltransferase Precludes Adenosylation of Incomplete Co(II)rrinoids

Abstract

Three distinct families of ATP:corrinoid adenosyltransferases (ACATs) exist that are capable of converting vitamin B12 derivatives into coenzyme B12 by catalyzing the thermodynamically challenging reduction of Co(II) rrinoids to form "supernucleophilic" Co(I) intermediates. While the structures and mechanisms of two of the ACAT families have been studied extensively, little is known about the EutT enzymes beyond the fact that they exhibit a unique requirement for a divalent metal cofactor for enzymatic activity. In this study we have obtained compelling evidence that EutT converts cob(II)alamin into an effectively four-coordinate Co(II) species so as to facilitate Co(II)→Co(I) reduction. Intriguingly, EutT fails to promote axial ligand dissociation from the substrate analogue cob(II)inamide, a natural precursor of cob(II)alamin. This unique substrate specificity of EutT has important physiological implications.

Keywords: adenosylcobalamin; adenosyltransferases; enzyme catalysis; reaction mechanisms; reduction.