Long-term temporary pacing with an active fixation lead

Kardiol Pol. 2015;73(12):1304-9. doi: 10.5603/KP.a2015.0093. Epub 2015 May 19.

Abstract

Background: Ensuring a haemodynamically effective cardiac rhythm is a challenge in patients waiting for pacemaker reimplantation after transcutaneous lead extraction due to an infection of the implanted system.

Aim: The authors report a retrospective analysis of temporary pacing with an active fixation lead (AFTP) connected to an externalised pacemaker in patients after transvenous lead extraction (TLE) due to an infection.

Methods: AFTP was used in 34 patients (12 women) aged from 38 to 88 years (mean 67.5 years). This represented 24.5% of the population of patients undergoing TLE due to infective indications. In 32 cases, the indication for temporary pacing was atrioventricular block, and in 2 patients sick sinus syndrome. The lead was implanted via the internal jugular vein puncture into the right ventricle in 33 cases and into the right atrium in 1 case. Leads were secured to the skin and attached to externalized pacemakers.

Results: AFTP was used for 4 to 26 days (average 14.5 days). Re-implantation was performed in 29 patients (85.3% of the study group). There was no early infection recurrence. Three patients died during AFTP (8.8% of the study group), including two due to septic shock, and a cardiac arrest due to pulseless electrical activity in another patient.

Conclusions: Temporary pacing with an active fixation lead is an effective and safe method to ensure a hemodynamically stable heart rhythm for a period ranging from a few to several days after the surgery in patients after transcutaneous lead extraction due to infective indications.

Keywords: implanted device infection; temporary pacing; transcutaneous lead extraction.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Atrioventricular Block / therapy*
  • Cardiovascular Infections / etiology*
  • Cardiovascular Infections / surgery
  • Device Removal*
  • Electrodes, Implanted / adverse effects*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pacemaker, Artificial*
  • Retrospective Studies