Macronutrients and caloric intake in health and longevity

Samantha M Solon-Biet; Sarah J Mitchell; Rafael de Cabo; David Raubenheimer; David G Le Couteur; Stephen J Simpson

doi:10.1530/JOE-15-0173

Macronutrients and caloric intake in health and longevity

J Endocrinol. 2015 Jul;226(1):R17-28. doi: 10.1530/JOE-15-0173. Epub 2015 May 28.

Authors

Samantha M Solon-Biet¹, Sarah J Mitchell², Rafael de Cabo², David Raubenheimer³, David G Le Couteur⁴, Stephen J Simpson⁴

Affiliations

¹ Charles Perkins CentreBuilding D17, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, AustraliaANZAC Research Institute and the Ageing and Alzheimers InstituteCentre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaTranslational Gerontology BranchNational Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USAFaculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Charles Perkins CentreBuilding D17, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, AustraliaANZAC Research Institute and the Ageing and Alzheimers InstituteCentre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaTranslational Gerontology BranchNational Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USAFaculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Charles Perkins CentreBuilding D17, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, AustraliaANZAC Research Institute and the Ageing and Alzheimers InstituteCentre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaTranslational Gerontology BranchNational Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USAFaculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia samantha.solon-biet@sydney.edu.au.
² Charles Perkins CentreBuilding D17, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, AustraliaANZAC Research Institute and the Ageing and Alzheimers InstituteCentre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaTranslational Gerontology BranchNational Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USAFaculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
³ Charles Perkins CentreBuilding D17, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, AustraliaANZAC Research Institute and the Ageing and Alzheimers InstituteCentre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaTranslational Gerontology BranchNational Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USAFaculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Charles Perkins CentreBuilding D17, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, AustraliaANZAC Research Institute and the Ageing and Alzheimers InstituteCentre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaTranslational Gerontology BranchNational Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USAFaculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Charles Perkins CentreBuilding D17, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, AustraliaANZAC Research Institute and the Ageing and Alzheimers InstituteCentre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaTranslational Gerontology BranchNational Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USAFaculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
⁴ Charles Perkins CentreBuilding D17, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, AustraliaANZAC Research Institute and the Ageing and Alzheimers InstituteCentre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaTranslational Gerontology BranchNational Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USAFaculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Charles Perkins CentreBuilding D17, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, AustraliaANZAC Research Institute and the Ageing and Alzheimers InstituteCentre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaTranslational Gerontology BranchNational Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USAFaculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Abstract

Both lifespan and healthspan are influenced by nutrition, with nutritional interventions proving to be robust across a wide range of species. However, the relationship between nutrition, health and aging is still not fully understood. Caloric restriction is the most studied dietary intervention known to extend life in many organisms, but recently the balance of macronutrients has been shown to play a critical role. In this review, we discuss the current understanding regarding the impact of calories and macronutrient balance in mammalian health and longevity, and highlight the key nutrient-sensing pathways that mediate the effects of nutrition on health and ageing.

Keywords: calories; health; lifespan; longevity; macronutrients.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
Review

MeSH terms

AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
Aging / physiology
Animals
Caloric Restriction
Diet, Protein-Restricted
Energy Intake / physiology*
Fibroblast Growth Factors / metabolism
Food
Humans
Insulin / metabolism
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / metabolism
Longevity / physiology*
Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Sirtuin 1 / metabolism
TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism

Substances

Insulin
fibroblast growth factor 21
Fibroblast Growth Factors
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
Sirtuin 1

Grants and funding

Z99 AG999999/Intramural NIH HHS/United States