A bioinspired peptide scaffold with high antibiotic activity and low in vivo toxicity

Sci Rep. 2015 May 29:5:10558. doi: 10.1038/srep10558.

Abstract

Bacterial resistance to almost all available antibiotics is an important public health issue. A major goal in antimicrobial drug discovery is the generation of new chemicals capable of killing pathogens with high selectivity, particularly multi-drug-resistant ones. Here we report the design, preparation and activity of new compounds based on a tunable, chemically accessible and upscalable lipopeptide scaffold amenable to suitable hit-to-lead development. Such compounds could become therapeutic candidates and future antibiotics available on the market. The compounds are cyclic, contain two D-amino acids for in vivo stability and their structures are reminiscent of other cyclic disulfide-containing peptides available on the market. The optimized compounds prove to be highly active against clinically relevant Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In vitro and in vivo tests show the low toxicity of the compounds. Their antimicrobial activity against resistant and multidrug-resistant bacteria is at the membrane level, although other targets may also be involved depending on the bacterial strain.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / adverse effects
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / adverse effects
  • Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / chemistry
  • Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / pharmacology*
  • Bacterial Infections / drug therapy
  • Bacterial Infections / microbiology
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dogs
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
  • Fibroblasts
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / drug effects
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / ultrastructure
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria / drug effects
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria / ultrastructure
  • Humans
  • Inhibitory Concentration 50
  • Lipopeptides / adverse effects
  • Lipopeptides / chemistry
  • Lipopeptides / pharmacology
  • Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
  • Mice
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Molecular Structure
  • Peptides, Cyclic / adverse effects
  • Peptides, Cyclic / chemistry
  • Peptides, Cyclic / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides
  • Lipopeptides
  • Peptides, Cyclic