Background: Hoarseness due to insufficient glottal closure can be treated by injection laryngoplasty (augmentation). Vocal fold injections can be performed as an in-office procedure or under general anesthesia. As injection materials have recently improved and different injection approaches are available, injection laryngoplasties are performed much more frequently.
Objectives: Advantages and disadvantages of injection materials, laryngeal approaches, and differential indications are described.
Materials and methods: Literature research and experience of more than 500 laryngeal injection procedures are provided.
Results and conclusions: Sophisticated use of available injection materials can provide a satisfying improvement of voice function with minimal patient discomfort. Adequate indication is mandatory for a favorable outcome. Further improvement regarding biocompatibility and the duration of injection materials is desirable.