Objective: Trophoblast expression of Human Leukocyte Antigene-G (HLA-G) is essential for feto-maternal immune tolerance and successful placentation. There is contradicting evidence on the relationship between HLA-G polymorphisms and preeclampsia (PE), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Here, we investigate the association between both maternal and fetal HLA-G 14 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism and obstetrical complications.
Methods: Clinical and genetic data of 282 women/fetuses (31 severe PE, 8 mild PE, 46 IUGR, 42 PIH and 155 controls) were analyzed both individually and jointly under a codominant, a dominant and a recessive model.
Results: HLA-G 14 bp polymorphism was not associated with obstetrical complications, considering the mother and fetus genotypes both jointly and individually.
Conclusions: With this study we filled several gaps occurring in previous studies: we analyzed a very well-defined population of PE, PIH and IUGR pregnancies, considering both fetal and maternal HLA-G 14 bp polymorphism, individually and jointly. Our findings showed that fetal and maternal HLA-G 14 bp genotypes are not associated with increased risk for the development of obstetrical complications, suggesting that this polymorphism has no immuno-modulatory role in the development of PE, PIH or IUGR.
Keywords: Feto-maternal immune tolerance; genetic risk; obstetrical complications; pregnancy pathology; successful placentation.