Sirsasana (headstand) technique alters head/neck loading: Considerations for safety

Abstract

Background: This study examined the weight-bearing responsibility of the head and neck at moments of peak force during three headstand techniques.

Methods: Three matched groups of 15 each (18-60 years old) were formed based upon lower limb entry/exit technique: symmetrical extended, symmetrical flexed, and asymmetrical flexed. All 45 practitioners performed 3 headstands. Kinematics and kinetics were analyzed to locate peak forces acting on the head, loading rate, center of pressure (COP) and cervical alignment.

Findings: During entry, symmetrical extended leg position trended towards the lowest loads as compared to asymmetrical or symmetrical flexed legs (Cohen's d = 0.53 and 0.39 respectively). Also, symmetrical extended condition produced slower loading rates and more neutral cervical conditions during loading.

Interpretation: Subjects loaded the head with maximums of 40-48% of total body weight. The data support the conclusion that entering the posture with straight legs together may reduce the load and the rate of change of that load.

Keywords: Cervical loading; Headstand; Headstand forces; Inversion; Sirsasana; Yoga.