An Update on Ocular Surface Epithelial Stem Cells: Cornea and Conjunctiva

doi:10.1155/2015/601731

Review

. 2015:2015:601731.

doi: 10.1155/2015/601731. Epub 2015 Jun 4.

An Update on Ocular Surface Epithelial Stem Cells: Cornea and Conjunctiva

Tiago Ramos¹, Deborah Scott¹, Sajjad Ahmad²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK.
² Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK ; St. Paul's Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK.

PMID: 26146504
PMCID: PMC4471309
DOI: 10.1155/2015/601731

Review

An Update on Ocular Surface Epithelial Stem Cells: Cornea and Conjunctiva

Tiago Ramos et al. Stem Cells Int. 2015.

. 2015:2015:601731.

doi: 10.1155/2015/601731. Epub 2015 Jun 4.

Authors

Tiago Ramos¹, Deborah Scott¹, Sajjad Ahmad²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK.
² Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK ; St. Paul's Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK.

PMID: 26146504
PMCID: PMC4471309
DOI: 10.1155/2015/601731

Abstract

The human ocular surface (front surface of the eye) is formed by two different types of epithelia: the corneal epithelium centrally and the conjunctival epithelium that surrounds this. These two epithelia are maintained by different stem cell populations (limbal stem cells for the corneal epithelium and the conjunctival epithelial stem cells). In this review, we provide an update on our understanding of these epithelia and their stem cells systems, including embryology, new markers, and controversy around the location of these stem cells. We also provide an update on the translation of this understanding into clinical applications for the treatment of debilitating ocular surface diseases.

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Figures

**Figure 1**
Cross-sectional illustrative view of the adult human eye.

**Figure 2**
Limbal SCs for the corneal epithelium reside in the basal layer of the limbal epithelium. Transient amplifying cells divide and migrate towards the central cornea to replace the terminal corneal ECs that get shed from the corneal surface. The stroma of the limbal SC niche is populated by fibroblasts and nourished by blood vessels (BL: Bowman's layer).

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

1. Schrader S., Notara M., Beaconsfield M., Tuft S. J., Daniels J. T., Geerling G. Tissue engineering for conjunctival reconstruction: established methods and future outlooks. Current Eye Research. 2009;34(11):913–924. doi: 10.3109/02713680903198045. - DOI - PubMed
1. Di Girolamo N. Stem cells of the human cornea. British Medical Bulletin. 2011;100(1):191–207. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldr026. - DOI - PubMed
1. Ahmad S., Figueiredo F., Lako M. Corneal epithelial stem cells: characterization, culture and transplantation. Regenerative Medicine. 2006;1(1):29–44. doi: 10.2217/17460751.1.1.29. - DOI - PubMed
1. Kolli S., Ahmad S., Mudhar H. S., Meeny A., Lako M., Figueiredo F. C. Successful application of ex vivo expanded human autologous oral mucosal epithelium for the treatment of total bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency. Stem Cells. 2014;32(8):2135–2146. doi: 10.1002/stem.1694. - DOI - PubMed
1. Kenyon K. R., Tseng S. C. G. Limbal autograft transplantation for ocular surface disorders. Ophthalmology. 1989;96(5):709–723. - PubMed

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[1] Schrader S., Notara M., Beaconsfield M., Tuft S. J., Daniels J. T., Geerling G. Tissue engineering for conjunctival reconstruction: established methods and future outlooks. Current Eye Research. 2009;34(11):913–924. doi: 10.3109/02713680903198045. - DOI - PubMed

[2] Schrader S., Notara M., Beaconsfield M., Tuft S. J., Daniels J. T., Geerling G. Tissue engineering for conjunctival reconstruction: established methods and future outlooks. Current Eye Research. 2009;34(11):913–924. doi: 10.3109/02713680903198045. - DOI - PubMed

[3] Di Girolamo N. Stem cells of the human cornea. British Medical Bulletin. 2011;100(1):191–207. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldr026. - DOI - PubMed

[4] Di Girolamo N. Stem cells of the human cornea. British Medical Bulletin. 2011;100(1):191–207. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldr026. - DOI - PubMed

[5] Ahmad S., Figueiredo F., Lako M. Corneal epithelial stem cells: characterization, culture and transplantation. Regenerative Medicine. 2006;1(1):29–44. doi: 10.2217/17460751.1.1.29. - DOI - PubMed

[6] Ahmad S., Figueiredo F., Lako M. Corneal epithelial stem cells: characterization, culture and transplantation. Regenerative Medicine. 2006;1(1):29–44. doi: 10.2217/17460751.1.1.29. - DOI - PubMed

[7] Kolli S., Ahmad S., Mudhar H. S., Meeny A., Lako M., Figueiredo F. C. Successful application of ex vivo expanded human autologous oral mucosal epithelium for the treatment of total bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency. Stem Cells. 2014;32(8):2135–2146. doi: 10.1002/stem.1694. - DOI - PubMed

[8] Kolli S., Ahmad S., Mudhar H. S., Meeny A., Lako M., Figueiredo F. C. Successful application of ex vivo expanded human autologous oral mucosal epithelium for the treatment of total bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency. Stem Cells. 2014;32(8):2135–2146. doi: 10.1002/stem.1694. - DOI - PubMed

[9] Kenyon K. R., Tseng S. C. G. Limbal autograft transplantation for ocular surface disorders. Ophthalmology. 1989;96(5):709–723. - PubMed

[10] Kenyon K. R., Tseng S. C. G. Limbal autograft transplantation for ocular surface disorders. Ophthalmology. 1989;96(5):709–723. - PubMed

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An Update on Ocular Surface Epithelial Stem Cells: Cornea and Conjunctiva

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An Update on Ocular Surface Epithelial Stem Cells: Cornea and Conjunctiva

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