Sociodemographic Disparities in Local Smoke-Free Law Coverage in 10 States

doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302655

. 2015 Sep;105(9):1806-13.

doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302655. Epub 2015 Jul 16.

Sociodemographic Disparities in Local Smoke-Free Law Coverage in 10 States

Jidong Huang¹, Brian A King¹, Stephen D Babb¹, Xin Xu¹, Cynthia Hallett¹, Maggie Hopkins¹

Affiliations

Affiliation

¹ Jidong Huang is with Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago. Brian A. King, Stephen D. Babb, and Xin Xu are with the Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Cynthia Hallett and Maggie Hopkins are with American Nonsmokers' Rights Foundation, Berkeley, CA.

PMID: 26180972
PMCID: PMC4539828
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302655

Sociodemographic Disparities in Local Smoke-Free Law Coverage in 10 States

Jidong Huang et al. Am J Public Health. 2015 Sep.

. 2015 Sep;105(9):1806-13.

doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302655. Epub 2015 Jul 16.

Authors

Jidong Huang¹, Brian A King¹, Stephen D Babb¹, Xin Xu¹, Cynthia Hallett¹, Maggie Hopkins¹

Affiliation

¹ Jidong Huang is with Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago. Brian A. King, Stephen D. Babb, and Xin Xu are with the Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Cynthia Hallett and Maggie Hopkins are with American Nonsmokers' Rights Foundation, Berkeley, CA.

PMID: 26180972
PMCID: PMC4539828
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302655

Abstract

Objectives: We assessed sociodemographic disparities in local 100% smoke-free laws prohibiting smoking in all indoor areas of nonhospitality worksites, restaurants, and bars in 10 states.

Methods: We obtained data on local 100% smoke-free laws (US Tobacco Control Laws Database) and subcounty characteristics (2006-2010 American Community Survey) for Alabama, Alaska, Indiana, Kentucky, Mississippi, Missouri, North Dakota, South Carolina, Texas, and West Virginia. Outcomes included (1) 100% smoke-free law covering restaurants, bars, and workplaces; (2) 100% smoke-free law covering restaurants, bars, or workplaces; and (3) number of venue types covered by 100% smoke-free laws (0-3). Sociodemographics included total population, urban status, percentage racial/ethnic minority, per capita income, percentage with high-school diploma, percentage with blue-collar jobs, and percentage of workers who live and work in the same locality.

Results: Across states, localities with less-educated residents, smaller proportions of workers living and working in the same locality, or both generally had lower odds of being covered by 100% smoke-free laws. Coverage varied across states for other sociodemographics.

Conclusions: Disparities exist in local smoke-free law coverage. Identifying patterns in coverage can inform state efforts to address related disparities.

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References

1. US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office on Smoking and Health; 2006.
1. US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking—50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office on Smoking and Health; 2014; Available at: http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/reports/50-years-of-progress/index.... Accessed April 2, 2014.
1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vital signs: nonsmokers’ exposure to secondhand smoke—United States, 1999–2008. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59(35):1141–1146. - PubMed
1. Gan WQ, Mannino DM, Jemal A. Socioeconomic disparities in secondhand smoke exposure among US never-smoking adults: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988–2010. Tob Control. 2014 Epub ahead of print. - PubMed
1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. State smoke-free laws for worksites, restaurants, and bars—United States, 2000–2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011;60(15):472–475. - PubMed

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[1] US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office on Smoking and Health; 2006.

[2] US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office on Smoking and Health; 2006.

[3] US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking—50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office on Smoking and Health; 2014; Available at: http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/reports/50-years-of-progress/index.... Accessed April 2, 2014.

[4] US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking—50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office on Smoking and Health; 2014; Available at: http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/reports/50-years-of-progress/index.... Accessed April 2, 2014.

[5] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vital signs: nonsmokers’ exposure to secondhand smoke—United States, 1999–2008. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59(35):1141–1146. - PubMed

[6] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vital signs: nonsmokers’ exposure to secondhand smoke—United States, 1999–2008. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59(35):1141–1146. - PubMed

[7] Gan WQ, Mannino DM, Jemal A. Socioeconomic disparities in secondhand smoke exposure among US never-smoking adults: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988–2010. Tob Control. 2014 Epub ahead of print. - PubMed

[8] Gan WQ, Mannino DM, Jemal A. Socioeconomic disparities in secondhand smoke exposure among US never-smoking adults: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988–2010. Tob Control. 2014 Epub ahead of print. - PubMed

[9] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. State smoke-free laws for worksites, restaurants, and bars—United States, 2000–2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011;60(15):472–475. - PubMed

[10] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. State smoke-free laws for worksites, restaurants, and bars—United States, 2000–2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011;60(15):472–475. - PubMed

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Sociodemographic Disparities in Local Smoke-Free Law Coverage in 10 States

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Sociodemographic Disparities in Local Smoke-Free Law Coverage in 10 States

Authors

Affiliation

Abstract

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