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. 2016 Apr;10(2):241-50.
doi: 10.1007/s11764-015-0470-y. Epub 2015 Jul 19.

Predictors of financial difficulties and work modifications among cancer survivors in the United States

Robin L Whitney  1 , Janice F Bell  2 , Sarah C Reed  2 , Rebecca Lash  2 , Richard J Bold  2   3 , Katherine K Kim  2 , Andra Davis  2 , David Copenhaver  2   3 , Jill G Joseph  2
Affiliations

Predictors of financial difficulties and work modifications among cancer survivors in the United States

Robin L Whitney et al. J Cancer Surviv. 2016 Apr.

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine predictors of cancer-related financial difficulties and work modifications in a national sample of cancer survivors.

Methods: Using the 2011 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and Experiences with Cancer Survivorship Supplement, the prevalence of financial difficulties and work modifications was examined. Logistic regression and survey weights were used to model these outcomes as functions of sociodemographic and health covariates separately among survivors in active treatment and survivors under age 65 years.

Results: Among all survivors, 33.2% reported any financial concern, with 17.9% reporting financial difficulties such as debt or bankruptcy. Among working survivors, 44.0% made any work modification and 15.3% made long-term work modifications (e.g., delayed or early retirement). Among those in active treatment, predictors of financial difficulty included: race/ethnicity other than white, non-Hispanic [OR = 8.0; 95% CI 2.2-28.4]; income <200% of federal poverty level (FPL) [OR = 15.7; 95% CI 2.6-95.2] or between 200 and 400% of FPL [OR = 8.2; 95% CI 1.3-51.4]; residence in a non-metropolitan service area [OR = 6.4; 95% CI 1.6-25.0]; and good/fair/poor self-rated health [OR = 3.8; 95% CI 1.0-14.2]. Among survivors under age 65 years, predictors of long-term work modifications included good/fair/poor self-rated health [OR = 4.1; 95% CI 1.6-10.2], being married [OR = 2.2; 95% CI 1.0-4.7], uninsured [OR = 3.5; 95% CI 1.3-9.3], or publicly insured [OR = 9.0; 95% CI 3.3-24.4].

Conclusions: A substantial proportion of cancer survivors experience cancer-related financial difficulties and work modifications, particularly those who report race/ethnicity other than white, non-Hispanic, residence in non-metropolitan areas, worse health status, lower income, and public or no health insurance.

Implications for cancer survivors: Attention to the economic impact of cancer treatment is warranted across the survivorship trajectory, with particular attention to subgroups at higher risk.

Keywords: Employment issues; Financial burden; Medical Expenditure Panel Survey; Survivorship.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest The authors declare they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Predicted marginal effects with 95 % confidence intervals among cancer survivors currently in active treatment
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Predicted marginal effects with 95 % confidence intervals among cancer survivors less than age 65 years
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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