An examination of the tension reduction hypothesis: the relationship between anxiety and alcohol in college students

Addict Behav. 1989;14(6):649-54. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(89)90007-5.

Abstract

The Tension Reduction Theory posits that alcohol is consumed to achieve tension reduction. The drinking patterns of high anxiety college students differed from low anxiety college students. Eighty-one students completed the Trait scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Khavari Alcohol Test (KAT). Several indices of alcohol use derived from the KAT were used to assess patterns of alcohol use. Five two-way analyses of variance were conducted using gender and anxiety as factors. Hypothesis One predicted that there would be a significant difference in alcohol consumption between high and low anxiety students when a comprehensive measure of alcohol use was used. This hypothesis was supported. Hypothesis Two predicted that frequency alone would not differentiate between anxiety levels; this was also supported. The Third Hypothesis was that volume measures of beer, wine and liquor would differentiate between the high and low anxiety levels; this hypothesis was partially supported--beer volume did differentiate between groups, while wine and liquor volume did not. The final hypothesis was that there would be an interaction between gender and anxiety; this was not supported.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Alcohol Drinking / psychology*
  • Alcoholism / psychology
  • Anxiety / psychology*
  • Arousal / drug effects*
  • Female
  • Gender Identity
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Personality Tests