An Interleukin-33-Mast Cell-Interleukin-2 Axis Suppresses Papain-Induced Allergic Inflammation by Promoting Regulatory T Cell Numbers

Immunity. 2015 Jul 21;43(1):175-86. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.06.021.

Abstract

House dust mite-derived proteases contribute to allergic disorders in part by disrupting epithelial barrier function. Interleukin-33 (IL-33), produced by lung cells after exposure to protease allergens, can induce innate-type airway eosinophilia by activating natural helper (NH) cells, a member of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), to secrete Th2 type-cytokines. Because IL-33 also can induce mast cells (MCs) to secrete Th2 type-cytokines, MCs are thought to cooperate with NH cells in enhancing protease or IL-33-mediated innate-type airway eosinophilia. However, we found that MC-deficient Kit(W-sh/W-sh) mice exhibited exacerbated protease-induced lung inflammation associated with reduced numbers of regulatory T (Treg) cells. Moreover, IL-2 produced by IL-33-stimulated MCs promoted expansion of numbers of Treg cells, thereby suppressing development of papain- or IL-33-induced airway eosinophilia. We have thus identified a unique anti-inflammatory pathway that can limit induction of innate-type allergic airway inflammation mediated by NH cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / cytology
  • Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / immunology
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Eosinophilia / chemically induced
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / immunology*
  • Interleukin-10 / immunology
  • Interleukin-2 / genetics
  • Interleukin-2 / immunology*
  • Interleukin-33
  • Interleukins / genetics
  • Interleukins / immunology*
  • Interleukins / pharmacology
  • Lung / cytology
  • Lung / immunology
  • Lymphocyte Activation / drug effects
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Mast Cells / immunology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Papain / pharmacology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / genetics
  • Pyroglyphidae / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / immunology*
  • Th2 Cells / immunology

Substances

  • IL10 protein, mouse
  • IL33 protein, human
  • Il33 protein, mouse
  • Interleukin-2
  • Interleukin-33
  • Interleukins
  • Interleukin-10
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit
  • Papain