Basal Autophagy Is Required for Herpes simplex Virus-2 Infection

Sci Rep. 2015 Aug 7:5:12985. doi: 10.1038/srep12985.

Abstract

Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process of the cell, which plays an important role in regulating plethora of infections. The role of autophagy in Herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) infection is unknown. Here, we found that HSV-2 does not allow induction of an autophagic response to infection, but maintains basal autophagy levels mostly unchanged during productive infection. Thus, we investigated the importance of basal autophagy for HSV-2 infection, using pharmacological autophagy suppression or cells genetically deficient in an autophagy-essential gene (ATG5). Interference with basal autophagy flux in cells significantly reduced viral replication and diminished the infection. These results indicate that basal autophagy plays an indispensable role required for a productive infection. Importantly, this study draws a sharp distinction between induced and basal autophagy, where the former acts as a viral clearance mechanism abrogating infection, while the latter supports infection.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Autophagy / physiology*
  • Autophagy-Related Protein 5
  • Cell Line
  • Herpes Genitalis / metabolism
  • Herpes Genitalis / virology*
  • Herpesvirus 2, Human / pathogenicity*
  • Humans
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins / metabolism
  • Virus Replication / physiology

Substances

  • ATG5 protein, human
  • Autophagy-Related Protein 5
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins