Neuroproteomic profiling of human body fluids

Proteomics Clin Appl. 2016 Apr;10(4):485-502. doi: 10.1002/prca.201500065. Epub 2015 Oct 12.

Abstract

Analysis of protein expression and abundance provides a possibility to extend the current knowledge on disease-associated processes and pathways. The human brain is a complex organ and dysfunction or damage can give rise to a variety of neurological diseases. Although many proteins potentially reflecting disease progress are originating from brain, the scarce availability of human tissue material has lead to utilization of body fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid and blood in disease-related research. Within the most common neurological disorders, much effort has been spent on studying the role of a few hallmark proteins in disease pathogenesis but despite extensive investigation, the signatures they provide seem insufficient to fully understand and predict disease progress. In order to expand the view the field of neuroproteomics has lately emerged alongside developing technologies, such as affinity proteomics and mass spectrometry, for multiplexed and high-throughput protein profiling. Here, we provide an overview of how such technologies have been applied to study neurological disease and we also discuss some important considerations concerning discovery of disease-associated profiles.

Keywords: Affinity proteomics; Biomarkers; Body fluids; Mass spectrometry; Neurological disease; Neuroproteomics.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease / blood
  • Alzheimer Disease / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Alzheimer Disease / diagnosis*
  • Alzheimer Disease / genetics
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / blood
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / diagnosis*
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / genetics
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Body Fluids / chemistry
  • Brain / metabolism
  • Disease Progression
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Humans
  • Multiple Sclerosis / blood
  • Multiple Sclerosis / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Multiple Sclerosis / diagnosis*
  • Multiple Sclerosis / genetics
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / blood
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / genetics*
  • Parkinson Disease / blood
  • Parkinson Disease / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Parkinson Disease / diagnosis*
  • Parkinson Disease / genetics
  • Proteomics / methods
  • Psychotic Disorders / blood
  • Psychotic Disorders / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Psychotic Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Psychotic Disorders / genetics

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins