Accuracy of arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) perfusion in detecting the epileptogenic zone in patients with drug-resistant neocortical epilepsy: comparison with electrophysiological data, structural MRI, SISCOM and FDG-PET

Eur J Neurol. 2016 Jan;23(1):160-7. doi: 10.1111/ene.12826. Epub 2015 Sep 8.

Abstract

Background and purpose: Locating the epileptogenic zone (EZ) in patients with neocortical epilepsy presents major challenges. Our aim was to assess the accuracy of arterial spin labeling (ASL), an emerging non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) perfusion technique, to locate the EZ in patients with drug-resistant neocortical epilepsy.

Methods: Twenty-five consecutive patients with neocortical epilepsy referred to our epilepsy unit for pre-surgical evaluation underwent a standardized assessment including video-electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring, structural MRI, subtraction ictal single-photon emission computed tomography co-registered to MRI (SISCOM) and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) studies. An ASL sequence was included in the MRI studies. Areas of hypoperfusion or hyperperfusion on ASL were classified into 15 anatomic-functional cortical regions; these regional cerebral blood flow maps were compared with the EZ determined by the other tests and the strength of concordance was assessed with the kappa coefficient.

Results: Of the 25 patients [16 (64%) women; mean age 32.4 (±13.8) years], 18 (72%) had lesions on structural MRI. ASL abnormalities were seen in 15 (60%) patients (nine hypoperfusion, six hyperperfusion). ASL had a very good concordance with FDG-PET (k = 0.84), a good concordance with structural MRI (k = 0.76), a moderate concordance with video-EEG monitoring (k = 0.53) and a fair concordance with SISCOM (k = 0.28).

Conclusion: Arterial spin labeling might help to confirm the location and extent of the EZ in the pre-surgical workup of patients with drug-resistant neocortical epilepsy.

Keywords: ASL; MRI; PET; SISCOM; neocortical epilepsy; perfusion.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Drug Resistant Epilepsy / diagnosis*
  • Electroencephalography
  • Epilepsy / diagnosis*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Angiography / standards*
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / standards*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multimodal Imaging
  • Neocortex / physiopathology*
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • Spin Labels*
  • Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Substances

  • Spin Labels