Despite the fact that orthopaedic trauma injuries represent a serious cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, there are few data in low-middle income countries quantifying the burden of fractures and describing current treatment practices. To address this critical knowledge gap, a large multinational prospective observational study of 40,000 patients with musculoskeletal trauma in Africa, Asia, and Latin America is proposed. The International Orthopaedic Multicentre Study in Fracture Care (INORMUS) study seeks to determine the incidence of major complications (mortality, reoperation, and infection) within 30 days after a musculoskeletal injury and to determine patient, treatment, and system factors associated with these major complications in low-middle income countries. This study coincides with the World Health Organization's Global Road Traffic Safety Decade (2011-2020) and other international efforts to reduce the burden of injury on developing populations. Insight gained from the INORMUS study will not only inform the global burden of orthopaedic trauma but also drive the development of future randomized trials to evaluate simple solutions and practical interventions to decrease deaths and improve the quality of life for trauma patients worldwide.