Modulation of therapeutic sensitivity by human papillomavirus

Radiother Oncol. 2015 Sep;116(3):342-5. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2015.09.002. Epub 2015 Sep 10.

Abstract

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small double-stranded DNA viruses that pose significant public health concerns as the causative agent of approximately 5% of worldwide cancers. The HPV oncogenes E6 and E7 play key roles in carcinogenesis. In the last 15years there has been a significant increase in the incidence of HPV-related head and neck cancers arising primarily in the oropharynx. Patients with HPV-positive head and neck cancers (HNCs) have a significantly improved prognosis compared to those with HPV-negative disease. In this review we will discuss data suggesting how HPV oncogenes modulate both the intrinsic radiation sensitivity of HNCs and also have important effects upon the tumor microenvironment. Together, these findings contribute to the improved outcomes seen in patients with HPV-positive HNC.

Keywords: Anal cancer; Cervical cancer; HPV; Head and neck cancer; Human papillomavirus.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Female
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / pathology
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / virology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Oncogene Proteins, Viral
  • Papillomaviridae / pathogenicity*
  • Papillomavirus Infections / pathology*
  • Papillomavirus Infections / radiotherapy*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Oncogene Proteins, Viral