Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) controllers are patients who control viral replication without antiretroviral therapy. We present the case of an HIV controller who had CD4 and CD8 coexpressed on 40% of his T cells. Although a recent study found that double-positive T cells had superior antiviral capacity in HIV-1 controllers, in this case, the CD4(+)CD8(+) T cells did not have strong antiviral activity.
Keywords: AIDS; HIV; HIV controllers; double-positive cells; elite controllers; immune activation; long-term nonprogressors; viremic controllers.