Next-Generation Sequencing for Diagnosis and Tailored Therapy: A Case Report of Astrovirus-Associated Progressive Encephalitis

J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2015 Sep;4(3):e53-7. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piv040. Epub 2015 Jul 12.

Abstract

A boy with X-linked agammaglobulinemia experienced progressive global motor decline, cerebellar syndrome, and epilepsy. All standard polymerase chain reactions for neurotropic viruses were negative on cerebrospinal fluid and brain biopsy. Next-generation sequencing allowed fast identification of a new astrovirus strain (HAstV-VA1/HMO-C-PA), which led to tailor the patient's treatment, with encouraging clinical monitoring over 1 year.

Keywords: Bruton; agammaglobulinemia; astrovirus; encephalitis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Agammaglobulinemia / complications*
  • Agammaglobulinemia / drug therapy
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use
  • Antiviral Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Astroviridae / classification
  • Astroviridae / genetics*
  • Astroviridae / isolation & purification
  • Astroviridae Infections / diagnosis
  • Astroviridae Infections / drug therapy*
  • Astroviridae Infections / virology*
  • Cerebellar Diseases / drug therapy
  • Cerebellar Diseases / etiology
  • Encephalitis, Viral / diagnosis
  • Encephalitis, Viral / drug therapy*
  • Encephalitis, Viral / virology*
  • Epilepsy / drug therapy
  • Epilepsy / etiology
  • Genetic Diseases, X-Linked / complications*
  • Genetic Diseases, X-Linked / drug therapy
  • Genome, Viral
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Sequence Analysis, RNA

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Antiviral Agents

Supplementary concepts

  • Bruton type agammaglobulinemia