Immunoarchitectural patterns of progressive transformation of germinal centers with and without nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma

Abstract

Progressive transformation of germinal centers (PTGC) has been frequently described in association with Hodgkin lymphoma, particularly nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL). The aim of this study was to evaluate morphologic features of PTGC for better delineation of PTGC from early involvement by NLPHL. A total of 160 cases of PTGC were evaluated and included in the following 3 groups: 93 patients with PTGC who never developed a lymphoma, 23 patients with synchronous PTGC and NLPHL, and 44 patients with PTGC with antecedent or subsequent history of lymphoma. By histopathologic evaluation, 5 patterns of PTGC that reflected progressive dismantling of germinal centers were identified. There was no difference in the distribution of patterns 1 to 4 among the 3 groups of PTGC; however, in patients showing synchronous involvement of PTGC and NLPHL, pattern 5, which resembles a naïve B-cell follicle, was significantly more frequently observed (14/23) when compared with patients with PTGC who never developed a lymphoma (30/93; P = .0161). Furthermore, recognition of the spectrum of immunoarchitectural patterns of PTGC, including architectural and cytologic features, was helpful to better differentiate nodules involved by PTGC from NLPHL.

Keywords: Classical Hodgkin lymphoma; Differential diagnosis; Immunoarchitectural patterns; Morphometric analysis; Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma; Progressive transformation of germinal centers.