[Arterial pathology in migraine: endothelial dysfunction and structural changes in the brain and systemic vasculature]

Rev Neurol. 2015 Oct 1;61(7):313-22.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Introduction: The pathophysiology underlying the association between migraine and other non-atherosclerotic vascular diseases is largely unknown. Endothelial dysfunction has been proposed as a common link. Besides, endothelial dysfunction is considered as a predictor of structural changes in the arterial walls.

Aim: To review the current knowledge about the functional (endothelial dysfunction) and structural (arterial stiffness and atherosclerotic diseases) arterial properties associated with migraine.

Development: Studies of biological markers of endothelial dysfunction in peripheral blood, systemic and cerebral vasoreactivity, arterial stiffness indexes and direct visualization of macroscopic changes in the arterial wall have shown differences between patients with and without migraine, as well as between the different migraine subtypes.

Conclusions: Endothelial dysfunction, as a predictor of structural changes in arteries, has been proposed as an early marker for vascular pathology associated with migraine. In migraine patients there is an increase of biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, but the correlation with vasoreactivity studies does not allow definite conclusions. Available data do not allow to conclude that migraine is associated with macroscopic alterations outside the cerebral arterial bed.

Title: Patologia arterial en la migraña: disfuncion endotelial y cambios estructurales en la vasculatura cerebral y sistemica.

Introduccion. La fisiopatologia subyacente a la asociacion entre migraña y otras enfermedades vasculares sistemicas no aterotromboticas no se conoce con certeza. La disfuncion endotelial se ha propuesto como nexo comun. A su vez, la disfuncion endotelial se considera como precursora de cambios estructurales en las paredes arteriales. Objetivo. Revisar el conocimiento actual acerca de las alteraciones funcionales (disfuncion endotelial) y estructurales (rigidez arterial y cambios ateroescleroticos) del lecho arterial asociadas a la migraña. Desarrollo. Estudios de marcadores biologicos de disfuncion endotelial en sangre periferica, vasorreactividad sistemica y cerebral, calculo de indices de rigidez arterial y visualizacion directa de cambios macroscopicos en la pared arterial han mostrado diferencias entre pacientes con y sin migraña, asi como entre los distintos subtipos de migraña. Conclusiones. La disfuncion endotelial, como precursora de cambios estructurales a nivel arterial, se postula como sustrato de la patologia vascular asociada a la migraña. La alteracion de marcadores biologicos es sugestiva de disfuncion endotelial en los pacientes con migraña; sin embargo, la correlacion con estudios de vasorreactividad no permite establecer conclusiones definitivas. Los datos disponibles no permiten concluir que la migraña se asocie con alteraciones macroscopicas fuera del lecho arterial cerebral.

Publication types

  • English Abstract
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Ankle Brachial Index
  • Arteries / pathology*
  • Arteries / physiopathology
  • Brachial Artery / physiopathology
  • Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
  • Cell-Derived Microparticles
  • Cerebral Arteries / physiopathology
  • Endothelial Cells / pathology
  • Endothelin-1 / metabolism
  • Endothelium, Vascular / pathology*
  • Endothelium, Vascular / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Manometry
  • Migraine Disorders / pathology*
  • Migraine Disorders / physiopathology
  • Nitric Oxide / metabolism
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic / complications
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic / physiopathology
  • Pulse Wave Analysis
  • Regeneration
  • Thrombophilia / etiology
  • Thrombophilia / physiopathology
  • Vascular Stiffness
  • Vasodilation

Substances

  • Endothelin-1
  • Nitric Oxide